Advances in compact proton spectrometers for inertial-confinement fusion and plasma nuclear science

摘要

Compact wedge-range-filter proton spectrometers cover proton energies ∼3–20 MeV. They have been used at the OMEGA laser facility for more than a decade for measuring spectra of primary D3He protons in D3He implosions, secondary D3He protons in DD implosions, and ablator protons in DT implosions; they are now being used also at the National Ignition Facility. The spectra are used to determine proton yields, shell areal density at shock-bang time and compression-bang time, fuel areal density, and implosion symmetry. There have been changes in fabrication and in analysis algorithms, resulting in a wider energy range, better accuracy and precision, and better robustness for survivability with indirect-drive inertial-confinement-fusion experiments.