Polymeric coatings for surface decontamination and ecofriendly volume reduction of radioactive waste after use

摘要

A magnet-sensitive and strippable polymeric coating that consists of a magnetic adsorbent with Cs-137 adsorption properties using a polyacrylamide (PAAm)/alginate(Alg)-based hydrogel with highly elastic properties was developed for surface decontamination. The aqueous polymeric solution of PAAm and Alg containing adsorbent could be easily applied to Cs-137-contaminated surfaces via the brush method. The simple addition of calcium ions on the surface induced the formation of an adsorbent/PAAm-Alg hydrogel film that could easily peel away from decontaminated surfaces due to its high elasticity. This polymeric coating displayed a good removal efficiency of 96.53% and a decontamination factor (DF) of 28.85 for Cs-137-contaminated surfaces due to the presence of the adsorbent, which had a large distribution coefficient for Cs (334 x 10(4) mL/g), and the large amount of Cs chelating groups in the Alg and PAAm, such as carboxyl and amine groups. The generated volume of the radioactive wastes after surface decontamination was simply reduced due to the magnetic separation of the adsorbent from the used polymeric coating. Furthermore, this new ecofriendly volume reduction method for radioactive waste demonstrated the reusability of PAAm and Alg for further surface decontamination because almost all of the Cs-137 (99.838%) captured in the used polymeric coating was removed by magnetic separation of the adsorbent. Therefore, the adsorbent/PAAm-Alg-based polymeric coating system has excellent potential as a new cost-effective surface decontaminant. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.