2011年東日本大震災による火災の発生状況に関する研究: 被災消防本部へのアンケート調査結果に基づく分析

摘要

The 2011 Great East-Japan Earthquake that occurred on March 11，2011 caused large-scale and wide range fire damage. Also, this earthquake showed a distinctive feature such that there were quite many fires caused by tsunami directly and/or indirectly in the regions, which were more or less affected by the tsunami. Therefore, the authors refer these fires to "tsunami-induced fires" in this paper. On the other hand, regarding the fires in the cities and towns that do not have coastal zone and were not affected by tsunami, we treated them as "earthquake-induced fires." Since the mechanism of occurrence of "tsunami-induced fires" differs largely from that of "earthquake-induced fires," we think these two types of fires should be analyzed separately. In this paper, therefore, we describe the overview of fires following the Great East-Japan Earthquake such as regional distribution of fires and patterns of ignitions. Also presented are the findings from the results of the analysis on the relation between the incidence of "earthquake-induced fires" and the seismic intensity.%本研究では.東日本大震災による火災の発生が報告されている市町村を管轄している消防本部（60)に対してアンケート調査を実施した.回答が得られた消防本部の数は53(送付数に対する回収率88.3％)であり，地震火災の全体の傾向を把握するには十分なレべルであると考えられる.本報では，このアンケート調査により入手した火災情報に基づいて，火災発生のタイプを「津波起因火災」と従来からある「地震起因火災」に分けてその発生状況の分析を行った.以下は得られた主な結果の要約である.