Briefing: Extreme weather: observed precipitation changes in the USA

摘要

As atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases have risen over the past decades, changes to the flow of water throughout the environment (the hydrological cycle) have resulted in more frequent extreme precipitation events. The events, sometimes aggravated by changes to land surfaces, can lead to increased flooding, which has impacts on both human health and social infrastructure. Increase of extreme precipitation has occurred in all regions of the continental USA and further changes are expected in the coming decades. Observations and projections of precipitation changes can be useful for the design and construction of robust infrastructure that is more resistant to both heavy precipitation and flooding.