toner particle packing in an electrostatic field and its effect on heating in electrophotography

摘要

Toner particle packing in an electrophotographic image has been examined for typical packing geometries including unit and primitive cell structures. In deriving the most probable packing, the force acting on the toner particle is analyzed. The requirement that the downward force on the substratum be greater than the upward force is satisfied in any packing geometry, the potential energy of the cell is also analyzed. The smaller potential energy and the more likely packing geometry occurs in the unit cell structure and in the higher ratios of particle gap to radius, L/r.