Integrated assessment tools The Greenhouse and Air pollution Interactions and Synergies (GAINS) model

摘要

Many of the traditional air pollutants and greenhouse gases have common sources. These emissions interact in the atmosphere and, separately or jointly, cause a variety of environmental effects at the local, regional and global scales. A wealth of literature has pointed out that capturing synergies and avoiding trade-offs when addressing the two problems simultaneously through a single set of technologies or policy measures offers potentially large cost reductions and additional benefits.