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Mass Transport of Nitrate in Soil by Utilizing the Optimized Diffusion Cell and Emission-Transmission-Immission Concept

机译:利用优化的扩散细胞和发射传递 - 分离概念,通过利用优化的扩散细胞和排放传递 - 分离概念在土壤中的质量传输

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摘要

Quantification methods of mass transport of contaminants such as nitrate into groundwater are still inefficient due to lack of knowledge about the parameters governing the transport process. Thus, in this research, a new methodology called optimized diffusion cell (ODC) setup was established to investigate nitrate input into groundwater through an unsaturated zone. This experimental modeling setup mimics the emission-transmission-immission (ETI) concept, which allows for quantification of input and output nitrate fluxes under realistic conditions. Three various nitrate concentrations were added to undisturbed soil samples of 1 cm thickness. The ODC setup was established to minimize the advective transport of nitrate in sandy soil samples due to high permeability. Outcomes revealed that a sorbed amount of nitrate was little due to advective transport compared to that carried out by diffusion. Additionally, for the whole analyzed soil samples of different soil classes, the amount of sorbed nitrate by advection did not exceed 1% of the total sorbed amount. On average, 30% of total nitrate mass input was sorbed. Results of the ODC setup prove its efficiency to simulate nitrate mass transport within the enclosed soil samples. Such findings can be used to predict endurable risk of nitrate transport to groundwater and to analyze sorption isotherms.
机译:由于缺乏关于控制运输过程的参数的知识,硝酸污染物如硝酸盐污染物的污染物(如硝酸盐)的量化方法仍然效率低。因此,在本研究中,建立了一种新的方法,以通过不饱和区域将硝酸盐输入到地下水中。该实验建模设置模拟了发射传输 - 免疫(ETI)概念,其允许在现实条件下定量输入和输出硝酸盐通量。将三种各种硝酸盐浓度加入到未受干扰的土壤样品1cm厚的情况下。建立了ODC设置,以最大限度地减少由于高渗透性的硝酸盐在砂土样品中的平均传输。结果表明,与通过扩散进行的相比,由于平均运输,硝酸滴量少量少。此外,对于不同土壤类别的整体分析的土壤样本,平流的吸附量硝酸盐的量不超过总吸附量的1%。平均而言,30%的硝酸盐质量输入被吸附。 ODC设置的结果证明了其在封闭的土样中模拟硝酸盐质量运输的效率。这些发现可用于预测硝酸盐运输的耐耐久性和分析吸附等温。

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