Cyclotron resonance study of quasiparticle mass and scattering rate in the hidden-order and superconducting phases of URu_2Si_2

摘要

The observation of cyclotron resonance in ultraclean crystals of URu_2Si_2 [S. Tonegawa et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 109, 036401 (2012)] provides another route besides quantum oscillations to the determination of the bulk electronic structure in the hidden-order phase. We report detailed analyses of the resonance lines, which fully resolve the cyclotron mass structure of the main Fermi surface sheets. A particular focus is given to the anomalous splitting of the sharpest resonance line near the [110] direction under in-plane magnetic-field rotation, which implies peculiar electronic structure in the hidden-order phase. The results under the field rotation from [110] toward [001] direction reveal that the splitting is a robust feature against field tilting from the basal plane. This is in sharp contrast to the reported frequency branch or in the quantum oscillation experiments showing a three-fold splitting that disappears by a small field tilt, which can be explained by the magnetic breakdown between the large hole sphere and small electron pockets. Our analysis of the cyclotron resonance profiles reveals that the heavier branch of the split line has a larger scattering rate, providing evidence for the existence of hot-spot regions along the [110] direction. These results are consistent with the broken fourfold rotational symmetry in the hidden-order phase, which can modify the interband scattering in an asymmetric manner. We also extend our measurements down to 0.7 K, which results in the observation of cyclotron resonance in the superconducting state, where novel effects of vortex dynamics may enter. We find that the cyclotron mass undergoes no change in the superconducting state. In contrast, the quasiparticle scattering rate shows a rapid decrease below the vortex-lattice melting transition temperature, which supports the formation of quasiparticle Bloch state in the vortex lattice phase.