Optical forces on two-level atoms by subcycle pulsed focused vector fields

摘要

The optical forces on neutral two-level atoms by the subcycle pulsed focused vector field are investigated bynnumerically solving the density-matrix equations without the rotating-wave approximation. The phenomena ofnfocusing or defocusing of the neutral atom are analyzed. For the transverse optical force, an acceleration of annatom that is 10 orders of magnitude higher than the Earth’s gravitational acceleration g can be obtained. Thenoptical force can change from a focusing force to a defocusing force depending on the initial state of the atom.nThe optical potential may be used to trap the neutral two-level atoms in the experiment of cold atoms.