Producing Plant Virus Patterns with Defined 2D Structure

摘要

In nanobiotechnology, viral nanoparticles have come into focus as interestingnano building blocks. In this context, the formation of 2D and 3D structures is ofparticular interest. Herein, the creation of defined 2D patterns of an icosahedralplant virus, the tomato bushy stunt virus (TBSV), by means of different techniquesis reported on: the top-down lithography ebeam and focused ion beam(FIB) as well as the bottom-up fluidic force microscope (FluidFM) approach. Theobtained layer structures are imaged by scanning force and scanning electronmicroscopy. The data show that a defined 2D structure can successfully be createdeither top down by FIB or bottom up by FluidFM. Electron beam lithography is notable to remove viruses fromthe substrate under the chosen conditions. FIB has anadvantage if larger areas covered with viruses combined with smaller areaswithout being desired. FluidFM is advantageous if only small areas with virusesare required. A further benefit is that the uncovered areas are not affected. Thepattern formation in FluidFM is influenced not only by the spotting parameters,but in particular by the drying process. Deegan and Marangoni effects are shownto play a role if the spotted droplets are not very small.