All-optical switching based on soliton self-trapping in dual-core high-contrast optical fibre

摘要

A systematic numerical study of ultrafast nonlinear directional coupler performance based on soliton self-trapping in a novel type of dual-core optical fibre is presented. The considered highly nonlinear fibre structure is composed of a real, intentionally developed soft glass-pair with high refractive index contrast at the level of 0.4 in the near infrared. Nonlinear propagation of picojoule level femtosecond pulses was studied numerically with the aim to identify the best switching performance in input parameter space of 1400-1800 nm in terms of excitation wavelengths, and of 75-150 fs in terms of pulse width, respectively. For every combination of excitation wavelength and pulse width, the switching energies together with the optimal fibre length were determined and their relation to the input and switching parameters is discussed. The highest switching contrast of 46 dB in the time window of the ultrashort soliton was predicted at combination of 1500 nm excitation wavelength and 75 fs pulse width considering 43 mm fibre length. These results represent significant improvement both from point of view of switching contrast and switching energies, which are only at level of 20 pJ, in comparison to the previously published case of air-glass dual-core photonic crystal fibre. Moreover, the simpler fibre design without cladding microstructure together with the all-solid approach holds promise of improved dual-core symmetry and therefore offers high probability of the successful realization of a low power, compact and simple switching device.