Effects of Low Carbon Biofuel Blends with Karanja (Pongamia pinnata) Oil Methyl Ester in a Single Cylinder Cl Engine on CO_2 Emission and other Performance and Emission Characteristics

摘要

The present study investigates the effects of various low carbon biofuels on CO_2 emission and other performance and emission characteristics blended with Karanja oil methyl ester (KOME) in a single cylinder Cl engine with a rated output of 5.2 KW at 1500 rpm. Carbon-di-oxide (CO_2) emission is a major threat to the environment as it causes global warming. The constant depletion of fossil fuels over the years has changed the focus of researchers towards biofuels. The number of carbon atoms in the molecular structure and carbon to hydrogen ratio of biofuel is one of the major causes for the increase in CO_2 emission. Karanja (Pongamia pinnata) oil is available in plenty in India, and hence it may replace conventional diesel fuel largely. However, KOME operated Cl engine emits higher CO_2 emission due to higher carbon content compared to diesel. Blending of low carbon biofuel with KOME reduces CO_2 emission. Low carbon biofuels like Eucalyptus oil (EU), Pine oil (PO), Camphor oil (CMO) and Orange oil (ORG) were selected for this study and blended equally with KOME on volume basis. Performance, emission and combustion parameters for all the blends were tested at part and full load conditions and compared with neat diesel and neat KOME. CO_2 emission was lesser for all the low carbon biofuel blends with KOME. Maximum reduction of 13% was observed with KOME-ORG blend compared to neat KOME and 6% reduction of CO_2 emission for KOME-ORG blend compared to neat diesel at full load condition. A slight increase in brake thermal efficiency is observed for KOME-ORG compared to neat diesel and neat KOME with a slight increase in NO and CO emission at full load condition. With an increase in brake thermal efficiency and reduction in CO_2 emission, equal blending of KOME-ORG is the best among the various blends tested, in terms of performance, emission and combustion parameters compared to neat diesel and neat KOME.