Troponin T: Newer Magnetic Immunoassay Method of Troponins as Point-of-Care Detection of Acute Myocardial Infarction

摘要

Troponin molecules and their T,C and I subtypes have shown significance in early point-of-care assessment of acute myocardial infarction. More sensitive and rapid detection magnetic immunoassay methods are emerging based on polymer bound enzymes for lab use and early point-of-care. Hypothesis: The magnetic particles in immunoassay enhance the utility of immunoassay by their ability to facilitate the separation of the targeted compounds and their high sensitivity of analyte. The basic principle of antitroponin-magnetic immunoassay was based on formation of sandwitch complex of two different antibodies at two binding sites on same target troponinT antigen (one antibody site was attached with magnetic nanoparticles, other antibody binding site attached with glucose in equal proportion for its detection by glucose oxidase-peroxidase enzyme measurement. Materials and Methods: The concentration of troponinT in the blood sample was correlated with proportional concentration of glucose measured by glucometer. The present report presents an innovative idea to explore the newer possibility of: 1. Troponin subtyping by MALDI mass spectrometry technique; 2. Magnetic immunoassay in serum sandwitch magnetic immunoassay for both solid phase Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) in clinical chemistry lab and point-of-care miniature pencil (POCM) in quick emergency. Results and Discussion: The application of nanotechnology in troponin analysis minimized the artifacts of troponin analysis in AMI. Using site-specific agent such as a magnetic nanosphere is novel choice to estimate 1 pico gm/L. In addition, the magnetic nanoparticles enhance the analyte detectibility, sensitivity to analyte with optical reaction speed. The nanospheres could be extracted out by using external magnet. The technique provides simple point-of-care method with a method to use proteomics and magnetic nanoparticles to isolate and quantify AMI marker troponin in the blood sample with use of miniature glucometer. The MALDI mass spectrometry technique showed potential of exploring AMI sensitive Troponins with other possible proteins. The concentration of troponinT in blood sample was correlated with proportional concentration of glucose measured by pencil miniature glucometer. Conclusion: The magnetic immunoassay of point-of-care method shows potential as rapid reliable cost-effective and efficient as cardiac protection device. The technique is simple, user friendly and cost-effective. The nanotechnology based glucometer may provide portable miniature point-of-care testing at low cost.