Fabrication and Applications of Nanofibers via Electrospinning

摘要

One-dimensional (ID) nanoscale structures, such as nanofibers, nanotubes, nanowires, nanobelts have gained much significant attention due to the excellent properties and the potential applications which are different from bulk materials. Nanofibers, as the most common ID structure, were investigated most in the past decade. Several methods have been developed to produce nanofibers, such as template, vapor deposition, self-assembly, phase separation, hydrothermal method and electrospinning. In recent years, electrospinning has developed quickly from a laboratory exploration to a new technique which was used to produce a wide range of nanofibers. Now it becomes a most important technology to produce long nanofibers on a large scale. A large number of raw materials including organics and mineral have been machined into nanofibers and fiber mats with different morphologies along with the requirements. In this chapter, we will introduce the electrospinning technology history and influence parameters. Furthermore, the collectors used for obtaining aligned fibers will be presented. Finally, the applications of electrospun nanofibers will also be discussed.