Development of Crassostrea gigas Larvae is Affected by 4-nonylphenol

摘要

Nonylphenol is a known endocrine disrupter that is widespread in the aquatic environment. In this investiga- tion, the Pacific Oyster, Crassostrea gigas (Thunberg), a marine invertebrate widely used in standard pollution bioassays, was exposed to a range of concentrations of 4- nonylphenol (0.l, l, l0, l00, l000 and l0000 μg/I). Development of C gigas to a particular larval stage (D- shape) was monitored over a 72 h time period at eight- hourly intervals. 4-nonylphenol delayed development to D-shape and caused a significant decrease in survival rate. In addition a growth abnormality was observed.