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Seasonal and diel movements of giant trevally Caranx ignobilis at remote Hawaiian atolls: implications for the design of Marine Protected Areas

机译:遥远的夏威夷环礁上巨型tr螨的季节性和di运动:对海洋保护区设计的影响

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摘要

We need to understand the long-term movement patterns of coral reef top predators in order to design marine protected areas that will provide these animals with effective, long-term protection. We used acoustic telemetry to quantify the movements of giant trevally, a large coral reef top predator, at 5 atolls in the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands Marine National Monument. We did not observe any inter-atoll movements but found that giant trevally were attached to core activity areas from which they made periodic atoll-wide excursions of up to 29 km. Within the core areas, the tagged fish exhibited diel habitat shifts. We identified Rapture Reef at French Frigate Shoals (FFS) atoll as a spawning site, where giant trevally form seasonal mating aggregations. Giant trevally that use Rapture Reef as their core daytime area live there year-round, whereas those that occupy other areas of FFS migrate to Rapture Reef in the summertime during specific phases of the moon. Although giant trevally were wide-ranging and would require large marine protected areas (e.g. entire atolls or islands) to protect their entire range, core activity areas and spawning sites for giant trevally could be contained within relatively small marine protected areas. Identification of spawning sites could assist in the establishment of focused marine protected areas that, while quite small in size, could have significant impact in preserving the spawning biomass of this species. Very large marine protected areas are not feasible in most heavily populated areas, hence effective alternative management strategies must be found for this fishery-targeted, wide-ranging top predator. We suggest using a combination of relatively small marine protected areas, to protect core activity areas and spawning sites for giant trevally, and conventional measures such as minimum size or 'slot' limits to further safeguard spawning stocks.
机译:我们需要了解珊瑚礁天敌的长期运动方式,以便设计海洋保护区,为这些动物提供有效的长期保护。我们使用声学遥测技术对西北夏威夷群岛海洋国家纪念碑5个环礁上巨型珊瑚礁(大型珊瑚礁捕食者)的运动进行了量化。我们没有观察到环礁间的任何运动,但发现巨大的ev藜附着在核心活动区域,从那里他们进行了长达29公里的整个环礁旅行。在核心区域内,贴有标签的鱼表现出狄尔栖息地的变化。我们将法国护卫舰浅滩(FFS)环礁的狂喜礁确定为产卵地点,在那里巨大的Trevally形成了季节性交配聚集体。以狂喜礁为核心白天区域的ev游巨人全年都在那里生活,而那些占据了FFS其他地区的巨人则在夏季的月球特定阶段迁移到狂喜礁。尽管巨型海藻的范围很广,并且需要大型海洋保护区(例如整个环礁或岛屿)来保护其整个范围,但巨型海藻的核心活动区和产卵场可以容纳在相对较小的海洋保护区内。确定产卵地点可有助于建立重点海洋保护区,尽管面积很小,但可能对保护该物种的产卵生物量产生重大影响。在人口最稠密的地区,非常大的海洋保护区是不可行的,因此,必须针对这种以渔业为目标,范围广泛的捕食者寻找有效的替代管理策略。我们建议使用相对较小的海洋保护区,以保护核心活动区和大型tr游产卵场,并采用常规措施(例如最小尺寸或“狭缝”限制)以进一步保护产卵种群。

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