'Risk' to 'Impact' Paradigm Moving from a is Critical to Achieve Environmental Justice

摘要

Traditional risk assessment (TRA) as currently practiced in environmental and other related regulatory programs at the federal, state, and local levels is designed primarily to evaluate health risks from a single contaminant or source at a time, often in one specific medium (e.g., air or water). In some cases, groups of related contaminants can be considered together, or aggregated as with cross-media or cross-source exposures.1,2 Some community groups and scientists have criticized this approach as failing to adequately consider the totality of health risks facing an individual community.