Thermodynamic Study on Process in Copper Converters (The Copper-making Stage)

摘要

Theoretical calculations were based on thermodynamic equilibrium in the multi-component and multi-phase system with heat and mass balance as well as the oxygen efficiency to take account for the effects of process kinetics. The variations of temperature, mass fractions of dissolved oxygen and sulfur in blister copper, partial pressures for O_2, S_2, SO_2 in gas phase for the copper-making stage were calculated.