Rhodium Nanoparticles Stabilized by Ionic Copolymers in Ionic Liquids:Long Lifetime Nanocluster Catalysts for Benzene Hydrogenation

摘要

Soluble nanoparticle catalysts have attracted increasing attention in recent years because of their unique properties.Metallic nanoparticles are kinetically unstable with respect to agglomeration to the bulk metal and must therefore be stabilized by additives;examples include quarternary ammonium salts,soluble polymers,and polyoxoanions.Nanoparticles that are both stable and active,especially under forcing conditions,are highly desired to facilitate actual practical applications.Combining different stabilizing effects may produce stable and active nanoparticles.For example,rhodium nanoparticles co-stabilized with polyoxoanions and tetrabutylam-monium cations can give total turnovers(TTO)up to 19000 for olefin hydrogenation(a catalytic lifetime record for olefin hydro-genation by soluble nanoparticles)and a TTO of 2600 for arene hydrogenation.