Designed bioactive patterned functional surfaces can offer advantageous properties such as controlled adsorption and site-specific affinity. In particular, area-selective functionalization of multiple components onto a predesigned surface is highly desirable. Such a system can be utilized to detect and identify more than one analyte in biosensor applications, which enables fabrication of more effective biodevices. Moreover, the multifunctional surface can be used as a template to monitor the interaction among the adsorbed components from a complex mixture, such as an extracellular environment. To achieve this goal, a highly efficient, orthogonal functionalization scheme with high fidelity is desirable.
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