Kriging analysis of soil properties: Implication to landscape management and productivity improvement

摘要

application increased dry matter yield (Mg ha~(-1)) of joint grass (4.6 to 9.2), marsh hay cordgrass (2.0 to 9.2), salt grass (0.9 to 3.2), and American three-square (1.5 to 3.0) in flooded soils. Discussion The successions of high and low micro-relief within landscapes that were identified via kriging analysis may affect the overall growth and biomass production of marsh vegetation. Many of the differences and spatial dependence of soil properties in the study area that vary with topography are because of some combinations of microclimate, soil pedogenesis, geological surficial processes, and the sorting effects of water movement. Plants in the flooded plots had much higher dry matter yield (DMY) than the plants in non-flooded plots. Both gypsum addition and water management should become a major part of any marsh revegetation program. Conclusions Kriging analysis of the landscape suggested that the majority of the spatial variability of some soil properties within the study area were caused by the interactive effect of micro-topography and hydrologic pattern. Spatial variability will therefore affect soil performance. A uniform application of any soil amendments like fertilizer or gypsum in the area that possessed spatially variable soil would result in an overapplication in some parts of the area and an underapplication in other areas. Plants that were grown in flooded plots with gypsum treatment of 7 Mg ha~(-1) had a higher dry matter yield. Recommendations and perspectives Knowledge of the existing soil variability in the area can be utilized to develop a stochastic model that may describe the potential land use capabilities. The prediction is being made by matching the requirements of specific land use to the characteristics of soils in the landscape. Results of an investigation of this type are of great interest to environmental scientists, water resource planners, regulators, decision makers, engineers, soil scientists, and resource managers. Kriging results were suggesting that both gypsum addition and water management should become a major part of marsh revegetation and restoration programs.