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Existence and Uniqueness of Nash Equilibrium in Electoral Competition Games: The Hybrid Case

机译:选举竞争博弈中纳什均衡的存在与唯一性:混合案例

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This paper analyzes the traditional unidimensional, two-party electoral competition game when parties have mixed motivations, in the sense that they are interested in winning the election, but also in the policy implemented after the contest. In spite of having discontinuous payoffs, this game, referred to as the hybrid election game, is shown to be payoff secure and reciprocally upper semi-continuous. Conditional payoffs, however, are not quasi-concave. Hence, the existence of a pure strategy Nash equilibrium (psne) is ensured only if parties have homogenous interests in power. In that case, an equilibrium not only exists, but it is also unique. Instead, if parties have heterogeneous motivations, depending upon the relationship between the electoral uncertainty, the aggregate opportunism, and its distribution across parties, a psne may or may not exist. The mixed extension, however, is always better reply secure. Therefore, a mixed strategy Nash equilibrium does indeed exist.
机译:本文分析了当政党出于对赢得选举的兴趣以及对比赛后实施的政策的考虑而产生混合动机的传统的一维两党选举竞赛游戏。尽管存在不连续的收益,但该游戏(称为混合选举游戏)显示出收益可靠且互为上半连续的形式。但是,有条件的收益不是准凹的。因此,只有当当事方对权力拥有同等利益时,才能确保存在纯策略纳什均衡(psne)。在这种情况下,不仅存在平衡,而且它也是唯一的。相反,如果政党动机各异,则取决于选举不确定性,总体机会主义及其在政党之间的分布之间的关系,则可能存在或可能不存在psne。但是,混合扩展始终可以更好地确保安全。因此,确实存在混合策略纳什均衡。

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