An integrated system for pipeline condition monitoring and pig tracking

摘要

In this paper we present the innovative Integriti pipeline and flowline integrity-monitoring system developed by Schlumberger in collaboration with BP. The system uses optical fibre distributed sensors to provide simultaneous distributed measurements of temperature, strain, and vibration for the detection, monitoring, and location of events such as third-party interference (including multiple simultaneous disturbances), geo-hazards and landslides, gas and oil leaks, and permafrost protection. The technology also provides an unparalleled means of tracking the progress of cleaning and instrumented pigs using existing optical telecoms and datacoms cables buried close to pipelines.rnThis new solution provides a proactive approach to pipeline-integrity management. It performs analysis of a combination of measurands to provide the pipeline operator with an event-recognition and -location capability, in effect providing a hazard warning system, and offering the operator the potential to take early action to prevent loss. Through the use of remote, optically-powered, amplification, an unprecedented detection range of 100km is possible without the need for any electronics and therefore remote power in the field. A system can thus monitor 200km of pipeline when configured to monitor 100km up- and downstream from a single location.rnAs well as detecting conditions and events leading to leaks, this fully-integrated system provides a means of detecting and locating small leaks in gas pipelines below the threshold of present online leak-detection systems based on monitoring flow parameters.rnIn this paper, we outline the optical sensing methods employed in the system, and the results of the extensive field trials performed fully to evaluate and prove the system for use on long hydrocarbon transmission pipelines. Specifically, we will describe the detection of small gas releases, simulated ground movement, and detection and recognition of a number of different types of TPI at the full 100-km target range. Finally, the tracking of a pig during pigging operations is demonstrated on a pilot installation.