Mathematical analysis of intensity distribution of the optical image in various degrees of coherence of illumination (representation of intensity by Hermitian matrices)

摘要

Since optical systems have distinctive features as compared to electrical communication systems, some formulation should be prepared for the optical image in order to use it in information theory of optical systems. In this paper the following formula for the intensity distribution of the image by an optical system having a given aperture constant a in the absence of both aberration and defect in focusing is obtained by considering the nature ot illumination, namely coherent, partially coherent and incoherent: