SHAPE FINDING OF CONCRETE SHELL ROOFS

摘要

Shells are the most efficient structures provided they are properly designed. However, as typical for optimized systems they may also be extremely sensitive to parameter changes. One key parameter is the initial shape of a shell; in the present case of roof shells this is in particular important. This contribution addresses the main shape-finding processes used in practice. We first refer to physical models, e.g. the hanging model principle or the pressurized membrane. These experimental methods can be simulated by nonlinear numerical membrane analyses as well As a second, even more general concept structural optimization can be applied; here this means shape and thickness optimization. The paper discusses the pro and cons and illustrates the methods by a few selected examples. Overall it primarily serves as a more descriptive presentation of the current state-of-the-art of an important aspect of shell roof design.