Cashew nut oil extracted with compressed propane under different experimental conditions: Evaluation of lipid composition

摘要

The objective of this work was to evaluate the changes in the lipid composition of cashew nut oil extracted with compressed propane under different experimental conditions of pressure using ethanol (Et) as cosolvent. At 10 MPa, the use of propane without Et, propane using 6% of Et, and chloroform extraction provided 23.06, 33.11, and 35.69% of oil yield, respectively. Cashew nut oil showed a predominance of monounsaturated fatty acids, of which oleic acid was the major constituent, without significant differences between the methods. Extraction with propane compressed to 10 MPa and using 6% Et presented greater efficiency in extracting phytosterols, tocopherols, and greater lipophilic-oxygen radical absorbance capacity from the cashew nut oil than the other extractions with compressed propane. Principal component analysis showed the efficiency of compressed propane extraction in obtaining bioactive compounds. It is possible to use 6% Et at 10 MPa and 45°C to obtain cashew oil with excellent chemical composition.