Recognising Islam in France after 9/11

摘要

French policies regarding Muslim institutions have been developing since the 1980s and reflect long-term patterns of controlling certain religious institutions through supporting them. Current policies are motivated in part by the desire to enhance internal security by making Islamic activities more visible. I argue that a long-term approach to security ought to place as much emphasis on building equal access to religious institutions (as well as to employment and housing) as on police actions regarding potentially violent individuals.