Ergonomie versus Ästhetik? Die funktionale und formale Integration im Fahrzeugcockpit

摘要

30,000 years ago the aesthetic sense was developed in the human brain and the purely functional design of products was finished. 125 years ago during the initial development of the automobile, the functional design of the vehicle cockpit was supplemented by formal elements. During the development of vehicle cockpits the formal share has risen strongly and prevents a high ergonomic quality in certain sectors. Furthermore, each vehicle manufacturer insists on its own control logic. A good usability is always based on a user-centered design. Therefore, an identical operating concept overall vehicle brands in their respective classes should form the basis. In contrast, the vehicle manufacturers emphasize, that the individual operating concepts are an important argument towards their competitors. In this paper we want to submit the following evidence: In spite of an identical operating concept in the same class, the brand identity can be obtained by the variability of the formal elements. When you are looking at the historical development of vehicle cockpits, there is a significant change in the interface design. The ratio between ergonomic and aesthetic shares is visible through the four phases of this development. In an actual vehicle cockpit the most-frequent functions are often still operate with real control elements. The remaining functions are represented on a display and operated with a multifunction control element. The lower middle class and the luxury class of three vehicle manufacturers were formed the basis of the study. On the basis of human-product requirements the best solution for the interface elements was evaluated for the two basic cockpits. Purely functional interface elements will be completed and visualized with the formal elements of each vehicle manufacturer. The vehicle cockpits of the current vehicle are shown in direct comparison with the ideal cockpits. Due to the high degree of recognition, the brand logos were omitted in all images. The direct comparison of the vehicle cockpits obviously shows that in spite of the two identical base cockpits and their related similarity, the formal parts guarantee a clearly recognisability of the brand. The results of the new vehicle cockpit design could be confirmed in an initial interview but need to be evaluated in a comprehensive interview.%Die Vielfalt der einzelnen Fahrzeugcockpits, die aufgrund der herstellerspezifischen Bedienphilosophie und formalästhetischer Gestaltelemente hervorgerufen wird, verursacht eine Komplexität, die in einer inkonsistenten Bedienung resultiert. Die wissenschaftliche Konsequenz daraus ist ein optimales Fahrzeugcockpit, das auf dem derzeit aktuellen ergonomi-schen Wissen basiert. Dieses auf der idealen Ergonomie aufgebaute Basiscockpit wird mit den herstellerspezifischen Elementen zu der jeweiligen Markenidentität vervollständigt. Ein visueller Erkennungstest der genannten Fahrzeugcockpits zeigt, dass die Unterscheidung der Marke trotz eines einheitlichen Basiscockpits möglich ist und eine wesentliche Erleichterung der Bedienung erreicht werden kann.