~7Be, ~(210)Pb and ~(137)Cs concentrations in cloud water

摘要

Cloud water was sampled during 8 months, in 2008 and 2009, at the puy de Dome high-altitude atmospheric research station (France). The concentrations of ~7Be and ~(210)Pb, both naturally occurring ra-dionuclides, and ~(137)Cs of anthropogenic origin, were determined. Those values are useful for a better knowledge of the aftermath cloud deposition and more generally for wet deposition assessment of ra-dionuclides. This is of primary interest in case of a nuclear accident, especially considering ~(137)Cs deposition, both for high-altitude locations that are regularly embedded by clouds and also for lowlands where fog can occur. The ~7Be and ~(210)Pb average activity concentrations in cloud water found were 1.9 ±0.11 mBqm~(-3) air and 140 ± 10 μBq m~(-3) air, respectively. For ~(137)Cs, the average concentration was 0.14 ± 0.02 μBq m~(-3) air. This very low-level is representative of the long term post-accidental background level. Indeed, for the studied period, the last accidental ~(137)Cs release was that of Chernobyl accident, in April 1986. To our knowledge this is the first data about ~(137)Cs reference level determination in cloud water. The comparison between cloud water and rain water concentrations showed a ratio cloud/rain ranging between 3.4 and 8.1, in agreement with previous studies performed on inorganic compounds. Scavenging efficiencies of aerosols by cloud droplets were also calculated with the additional aerosol concentrations routinely measured at the station and were quite low (0.13-0.40) compared to what has previously been observed for inorganic soluble ions.