ENVIRONMENTAL AND ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF IRRIGATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING WATER USAGE

摘要

The focus of irrigation modernisation should be on demand management, with conservation and increased water-use efficiency as the main policy objectives. Some of socio-economic and environmental directions are: (a) improvement of water productivity, and (b) analysis of the social and environmental impact of modern irrigation technologies. On the other hand, the Institutional studies need to be addressed to: (1) flexibility of services; (2) improved design for water utilities, and (3) investment in water-saving technologies, etc. The development of modern irrigation systems in developing countries, as in our case of Albania, can be facilitated by the co-ordination of different actions provided by international organisations, our government, the private sector, academic institutions and local populations. The objective of efficient and sustainable water management in an irrigated cropland is to ensure optimum linkage between water availability and water demand. This is best done by matching demand for water in terms of crop water requirements and available water supplies in time and in the required quantity.