Removal of phenanthrene and cadmium from co-contaminated alkaline soil by carpet grass, Siam weed and winged bean

摘要

Aim: Phytoremediation of soil co-contaminated with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) and heavy metal is rarely reported. The aim of this study was to investigate the ability of carpet grass (Axonopus compressus), Siam weed (Chromolaena odorata) and winged bean (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus) to remove cadmium and phenanthrene concurrently from contaminated soil.