Dynamic Responses of Cattle to Thermal Heat Loads

摘要

The focal point of this limited review is bioenergetic research conducted in the Biological Engineering Research Unit at the U. S. Meat Animal Research Center (MARC), using recently developed Instrumentation and analytical techniques. The dy- Namics of observed thermoregulatory responses in Cattle to thermal heat load challenges are explored, With an emphasis on physiological and behavioral Parameters of body temperature, respiration rate, and feed intake. Observations of body temperature, espe- cially tympanic temperature, have shown hot environ- ments to cause phase shifts, increased amplitude, and increased means for diurnal rhythms.