Influence of Dietary Nonfiber Carbohydrate Concentration and Supplementation of Sucrose on Lactation Performance of Cows Fed Fescue Silage

摘要

There is interest in knowing if the source of nonfi-brous carbohydrates (NFC) influences milk production and composition. Our objective was to determine the effects of source (starch or sugar) and level of NFC in the diet on these parameters. A 4 x 4 Latin square replicated five times using early-lactation (56 +- 9 DIM) Holstein cows was used; cows were offered one of two levels of NFC and either no added sucrose or sucrose substituting for 10% of the corn. Diets were balanced to meet National Research Council requirements for total protein, energy, and minerals. Tall fescue silage was included at one of two levels (0.95 or 1.25% of BW as forage NDF), resulting in diets with 40 and 30% NFC. The remaining ingredients consisted of high-moisture corn, soybean meal, SoyPlus, minerals, and vitamins. Megalac (0.45 kg) was used in the low NFC diets. High NFC diets were lower (P < 0.01) in neutral detergent fiber (NDF; 31.5%) and crude protein (CP; 19.6%) than the low NFC diet (35.8% NDF and 21.0% CP). Sucrose containing diets were somewhat lower (P < 0.01) in NDF (33.1%) than the no sucrose added diets (34.3%), but diets did not differ in CP%. Cows offered the high NFC level produced more milk (39.6 kg/A; P < 0.05) than those offered the low level (38.3 kg/d), primarily due to higher dry matter intake (P < 0.05). Cows consuming the high NFC diet also had lower (P < 0.05) milk fat (3.25%) and milk urea nitrogen (MUN; 13.7 mg/dl), and higher (P < 0.05) milk protein (2.58%) and milk lactose (4.81%) concentrations than cows offered the low NFC level (3.46% milk fat, 17.5 mg/dl MUN, 2.51% milk protein, and 4.74% milk lactose). Fat yield was higher (P < 0.05) for cows fed low NFC diets than cows fed high NFC diets, whereas protein and fat yield were lower (P < 0.05) for cows fed low NFC diets than those fed high NFC diets. The NFC source did not influence dry matter intake or milk production or milk component yield (P > 0.05). Milk lactose (4.79%) and MUN (16.0 mg/dl) concentrations were higher (P < 0.05) for cows offered sucrose as a portion of the NFC compared with those not offered sucrose (4.76% milk lactose and 15.2 mg/dl MUN). Results suggest that cows fed sucrose may utilize diet nitrogen less efficiently than those not fed sucrose, when sucrose is replacing a portion of the high-moisture corn in the diet.