Proteomics and microstructure profiling of goat milk protein after homogenization

摘要

This study investigated the protein changes in goatmilk during the homogenization process using label-freequantification. We quantified 310 and 315 proteins inthe control group (CG) and homogenized group (HG),respectively, and 16 proteins were significantly differentbetween the 2 groups. For HG, the goat milk proteinparticle sizes were smaller and more evenly distributedand exhibited an increase in the regular arrangementof the secondary structures. Proteomics analysis verifiedthat xanthine dehydrogenase and asparaginase-like1 expression in CG were higher than in HG, whereasthe opposite was observed for fructose-bisphosphatealdolase, κ-casein, and β-casein. Significant changeswere found in the homogenization-treated goat milkproteome that were related to goat milk glycolysis/gluconeogenesismetabolism. This work provides updatedinformation on the current proteome characteristics ofhomogenized goat milk, which may be important forapplying the protein component of goat milk to humannutrition and health.