Body Image and the Role of Television: Clarifying and Modelling the Effect of Television on Body Dissatisfaction

摘要

This study attempts to bring some clarity to the relationships among genre-related television (TV) exposure, body image perceptions and body dissatisfaction. Female undergraduates (n = 417) completed measures of thin-ideal reality TV viewing, perceptions of social value of thinness, peer and parental attitudes towards thinness, as well as the internalization of the thin ideal and body dissatisfaction measures. First-order effects (perceptions of social reality) and second-order effects (personal attitudes) were examined. Additionally, media exposure was juxtaposed with social influences such as perceptions of peer and parent attitudes to form a model of TV use, body image attitudes and body dissatisfaction. Results suggest thin-ideal reality TV viewing and other social sources such as peer and parent attitudes are linked directly to perceptions of the social value of thinness (first-order effect). However, thin-ideal reality TV exposure was indirectly related to the internalization of the thin ideal (second-order effect) and body dissatisfaction. A model of body dissatisfaction including thin-ideal reality TV viewing as well as perceptions of peer and parent attitudes was supported.