Overview of Synthetic Methodologies for Development of Cationic Gemini Surfactants

摘要

本稿では，さまざまな親水基(ピリジニウム，イミダゾリウム，ピロリジニウム，ピペリジニウム，モルフォリニウム)を有する数種の新規カチオン性ジェミニ界面活性剤の合成と物性に関する筆者らの研究をまとめた。筆者らは，数種のジェミニ界面活性剤の合成に際して，次の三つの基本手法を利用した。(1)位置選択的両ブロモ化に続く4級アンモニウム化，(2)位置選択的エポキシ開環反応に続く4級アンモニウム化，(3)アルキル化に続く4級アンモニウム化。これらのカチオン界面活性剤溶液の表面物性と物理化学特性を調べ，従来の市販カチオン界面活性剤と比較して優れた物性を示すことを確認した。%In the present article we have summarized our research work related to synthesis and investigation of several new types of cationic gemini surfactants containing different headgroups(i.e. pyridinium, imidazolium, pyrrolidinium, piperidinium, morpholinium). We have used three different principal methodologies to develop several new types of gemini surfactants:(1)regioselective co-bromination protocol followed by quaternization(2)regioselective epoxy ring opening reactions followed by quatemization(3)Alkylation reactions followed by quaternization. These cationic surfactants have been investigated for their surface and physicochemical properties and the studies have established these surfactants to be superior compared to conventional/commercially available cationic surfactants.