Energy Consumption in Residential House and Emissions Inventory of GHGs, Air Pollutants in China

摘要

The energy consumption of residential housing in China was analyzed in detail by fuel type, urban and rural areas, province and partly by end-use type, based on China's energy statistics. In addition emissions of CO_2, SO_2 and NO_x were estimated from the energy consumption data in this study. The target period of provincial estimation is from 1995 to 1999. This is only the first step in providing a fundamental analysis, but this kind of primary study is very important to the basis of East Asian energy and environmental policy on climate change, regional and continental air quality, acidification, urban or social development and so on. The most significant fuel in residential energy use in China is biomass in rural areas, which provided 65% of all fuel use in 1999. In total comprising, 42% from stalks(agricultural waste or crop residues), 22% firewood. In rural areas 80% of fuel use is biomass, 52% stalks and 28% firewood, but none in urban. Coal (including coal products) is dominant in urban areas at 44%, but in rural only comprises 15%, all areas averaging 22%. For residential energy this is far less than the 56% share of all primary energy consumption, including biomass. Average annual energy use per capita in urban areas is 3.5GJ, in rural 11.7GJ, and for all areas 8.2GJ. Rural use is bigger than urban because of low efficiency biomass combustion for cooking and space heating. Per household use is: urban 10.9GJ; rural 51.9GJ; all areas 30.2GJ. Per capita average consumption in 1999 in China is 52% of the Japanese level in 1999, comparable to Japan in 1976. By provincial analysis, the north and inland regional areas have higher per capita and per household energy consumption levels, primarily due to the colder climate. Estimated residential energy consumption including biomass and electricity is 10261PJ as low calorific value and secondary energy base in 1999, which is 28% of total consumption in China. CO_2 emissions amounted to 1010TgCO_2 (Including Biomass), SO_2 1950Gg and NOx 723Gg as NO_2.