On this paper, we aimed to figure out the essential conditions for establishing Generation-Circulable Agricultural Community (GCC), which has stabilized population structure of farmers and enables next generation to succeed to community management and rural resources. Using agricultural census data in Japan, we got the results as follows. 1.GCCs are distributed in each region of Japan, but the number of GCC is only about 5% of agricultural community based on 2005 agricultural census. 2.GCCs are mainly characterized by the extent of financial dependence on agriculture and liquidity of agricultural land. Those two factors are highly related to the geographical and social conditions of a location of GCC. 3.In GCCs which has especially even distribution of young and old generations, the source of income has unified to agriculture or non-agriculture. It tends to be multiple according to the increase of old generation.%我が国は2005年を境に人口減少時代へと突入し、今後も中長期的な人口の減少と高齢化が確実視されている。またその社会・経済構造も、人口と経済の量的拡大を前提とした成長型から、国民の生活の質や豊かさを指向する成熟型へと変化しつつある。この状況下、我が国の国土計画も1998年の「21世紀の国土のグランドデザイン」で示された「多軸型の国土構造への転換」を経て、2008年の国土形成計画では「多様な広域ブロックの自立的発展が可能な国土の構築と資源の保全・循環に重点を置いた国土計画」が提唱され、国土の質的向上や持続的な資源活用を目指す方向へと舵を切っている注1）。
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