Statistical characterization of an urban dual-polarized MIMO LMS channel

摘要

This paper presents a thorough statistical characterization of a dual-polarized multiple-input-multiple-output channel, based on a measurement campaign of 2 land mobile satellite link scenarios in urban environments. The received signal is decomposed into its large-scale and small-scale fading parts, which are separately evaluated and characterized. The large-scale fading can be well approximated by the Lognormal distribution, whereas the small-scale fading in line-of-sight condition can be characterized as a Rician channel with a strong direct component and high K-factors. On the other hand, in nonline-of-sight cases, the fading can be approximated by Nakagami or Rician distribution with low K-factors. The cross-polar discrimination is found between 14.2 and 22.5 dB, whereas the cross-polar isolation is found between 12.8 and 21 dB, respectively. Finally, assessing the diversity performance, applying the maximal ratio combining technique, it is found that the left-hand circular polarized transmission outperforms the right-hand circular polarized transmission, providing gains up to 2.5 dB, especially in nonline-of-sight cases. The low-diversity gains indicate that beamforming would be preferable to be applied in the specific channel.