AIR PARTICULATE MATTER POLLUTION IN ULAANBAATAR CITY, MONGOLIA

摘要

Due to increased energy demands from its rapidly growing economy and population, ambient air innUlaanbaatar, the capital city of Mongolia contains some of the highest reported air particulate mattern(APM) concentrations in the world. The purpose of this study is to identify major APM sources.nSource apportionment is an elegant and effective way to establish baseline data for mitigationnstrategies that focus on reducing APM pollution. The Nuclear Research Centre at the NationalnUniversity of Mongolia has been conducting APM pollution studies in Ulaanbaatar sincen2004.Results presented here are based on a sampling campaign from June 2008 to May 2009 at twonsites in Ulaanbaatar. APM samples were collected on polycarbonate filter, in two size fractions, finen(PM2.5) and coarse (PM10-2.5) particulate matter. Ion beam analysis provided the elementalnconcentration values and receptor modeling was used to determine the sources contributing to thenparticulate matter pollution. The results show that the main sources of PM pollution are soil, motornvehicles, coal and wood combustion, with varying contributing amounts at each site. Sourcencontributions to PM2.5 at a residential site were found to be: soil 47%, coal combustion 35%, motornvehicles/road dust 13% and biomass burning 4%. At the residential site it was found that the primarynsource contributors to PM10-2.5 were soil 71%, coal combustion 10%, and motor vehicles/road dustn19%.Source contributions to PM2.5 at a non-residential site were found to be: coal combustion 92%,nmotor vehicles/road dust 3%, soil 3% and biomass burning 2%. At the non-residential site it wasnfound that the primary source contributors to PM10-2.5 were: soil 92%, motor vehicle/road dust 5%nand coal combustion 3%.