Characteristics of the breather waves, rogue waves and solitary waves in an extended (3 + 1)-dimensional Kadomtsev-Petviashvili equation

摘要

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to study the breather waves, rogue waves and solitary waves of an extended (3 + 1)-dimensional Kadomtsev-Petviashvili (KP) equation, which can be used to depict many nonlinear phenomena in fluid dynamics and plasma physics. Design/methodology/approach The authors apply the Bell's polynomial approach, the homoclinic test technique and Hirota's bilinear method to find the breather waves, rogue waves and solitary waves of the extended (3 + 1)-dimensional KP equation. Findings The results imply that the extended (3 + 1)-dimensional KP equation has breather wave, rogue wave and solitary wave solutions. Meanwhile, the authors provide the graphical analysis of such solutions to better understand their dynamical behavior. Originality/value These results may help us to further study the local structure and the interaction of solutions in KP-type equations. The authors hope that the results provided in this work can help enrich the dynamic behavior of such equations.