Computer-Aided Diagnosis System for the Detection of Bronchiectasis in Chest Computed Tomography Images

摘要

A computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) system has been developed for the detection of bronchiectasis from computed tomography (CT) images of chest. A set of CT images of the chest with known diagnosis were collected and these images were first denoised using Wiener filter. The lung tissue was then segmented using optimal thresholding. The Pathology Bearing Regions (PBRs) were then extracted by applying pixel-based segmentation. For each PBR, a gray level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM) was constructed. From the GLCM texture features were extracted and feature vectors were constructed. A probabilistic neural network (PNN) was constructed and trained using this set of feature vectors. The images together with the PBRs and the corresponding feature vector and diagnosis were stored in an image database. Rules for diagnosis and for determining the severity of the disease were generated by analyzing the images known to be affected by bronchiectasis. The rules were then validated by a human expert. The validated rules were stored in the Knowledge Base. When a physician gives a CT image to the CAD system, it first transforms the image into a set of feature vectors, one for each PBR in the image. It then performs the diagnosis using two techniques: PNN and mahalanobis distance measure. The final diagnosis and the severity of the disease are determined by correlating the diagnosis determined by both the techniques in consultation with the knowledge base. The system also retrieves similar cases from the database. Thus, this system would aid the physicians in diagnosing bronchiectasis.