Closure Of Non-Equilibrium Volume-Averaged Energy Equations In High-Conductivity Porous Media

摘要

Effects of a stepped outside tube on nucleate pool boiling heat transfer in a vertical annulus with closed bottoms have been investigated experimentally. For the study saturated water at atmospheric pressure and a heated tube of 200 mm length and 19 mm diameter were used. The shape of an outside tube of the annulus has step geometry and the ratio between the upper and lower regions are varied from 0.23 to 4.43. The existence of the stepped outside tube changes heat transfer characteristics and its effect becomes evident as the gap ratio is smaller than 1. For the tested gap ratios heat transfer deterioration is observed as the heat flux is higher than 80 kW/m2 comparing to the single unrestricted tube. The major cause for the tendency is attributed to the loss of liquid agitation intensity around the stepped regions of the annulus.