Novel tuning rules for PIDC and PID load frequency controllers considering robustness and sensitivity to measurement noise

摘要

A novel method for designing Load Frequency Controllers (LFC) is proposed in the present paper. ProportionalIntegral-Derivative controllers with and without serial compensator - PID and PIDC - are considered in contexts of single-area and multi-area power systems. The proposed design methodology focuses on achieving efficient load disturbance rejection, while simultaneously preserving an adequate level of robustness with respect to measurement noise and model uncertainties. Explicit tuning formulas are provided for single-area power systems with reheated, non-reheated and hydro turbines, characterized by two free parameters. Dependence of integral performance measures (IAE and ITAE), as well as TVd for evaluating control effort, and sensitivity indices (M-s, M-p, and M-n) in terms of these parameters is analyzed, and the associated performance-robustness trade-off is elaborated in detail. The proposed method is extended to multi-area power systems in a straightforward manner using decentralized PIDC/PID tuning. A comparative numerical study is performed involving several LFC techniques recently reported in literature.