UNBUNDLING NATURAL GAS TRANSPORTATION IN SPAIN

摘要

Based on the assumption that only if the unbundling process is effective, is it possible to create a liberalised internal market, both the 2003 Electricity Directive and the 2003 Gas Directive required the legal unbundling of distribution system operators and transmission system operators from supply companies? But legal unbundling was not enough. In the so-called Third Package1 on Energy Liberalisation, unbundling was reinforced and it has now become full ownership unbundling. However, in the European style, certain compromises and temporary exceptions had to be contemplated. Member States needed to implement full ownership unbundling of transportation operators (TSO) by the end of March 2013. As an exemption, Member States may allow operators that were vertically integrated as of September 3, 2009 to opt to use other unbundling formulae either: (i) to use an independent system operator (ISO); and (ii) to implement an independent transmission operator (ITO).