References to the Court of Justice of the European Union: Experiences of a National Judge 2004-2019

摘要

This article presents the experiences of one national judge of 14 preliminary references made by the High Court of England and Wales to the Court of Justice of the European Union in intellectual property cases during the period from 2004 to 2019. The references are discussed in chronological order, and some conclusions are then drawn concerning the roles both of national courts and of the CJEU.