A continuous-time Markov-chain model for an asynchronous communication spread-spectrum code-division-multiple-access (CDMA) packet radio network is developed. The network is composed of mutually independent users. The receiver-based code is considered; a terminal with a packet to send looks up the destination's code and transmits on that code. Each user senses the channel load and refrains from transmission if the channel load exceeds the channel threshold. The model makes it possible to study the threshold effect of channel load on the performance of the CDMA packet radio network. Improvements in performance of spread-spectrum packet radio networks due to channel-load sensing are shown. Steady-state results for throughput are obtained.
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