How Composite Materials Can be Used for Small Hydro Turbines

摘要

It is feasible to construct turbines from composite materials, and a weight reduction of 50% to 70% was seen compared to conventional steel components. The reduced weight can allow composite turbines to be installed in remote locations. In addition, assembly of these composite structures does not require welding equipment. The components also require fewer parts to be bolted together, as each piece can be made in one or two sections. At the small production runs modeled in this study, the cost of the molds and other tooling dominate the component cost. The small runs indicated here show what it would cost to begin further research into these materials. This research can address cavitation erosion and UV protection of the components after installation. It may be possible to use elastomer or ceramic coatings to reduce cavitation or ensure that the turbine runs in the flow and head regimes that prevent cavitation from occurring. It will be important to test and resolve these and others issues to ensure the units can achieve similar reliability to steel turbines, especially if they are to be installed in areas where maintenance will be infrequent.