Passiver und aktiver Brandschutz auf Schiffen

摘要

Zum passiven Brandschutz gehören ne ben baulichen Vorschriften auch Maßnah men zur Evakuierung der Menschen und die Aus- und Weiterbildung der Seeleute. Feuermeldeanlagen und Anlagen zur Be kämpfung des Feuers zählen zum aktiven Brandschutz. Als Löschmittel dienen Was ser, Schaum, CO_2 und Pulver.%Arrangements for avoiding the develop ment and spreading of fire belong to pre vention or passive fire protection. Bulk heads and decks e.g. are structural ele ments and therefore serve as preventive fire protection. Due to heavy explosions on oil tankers during voyages in ballast conditions in the 1970s tanks are now adays filled with inert gas while discharg ing. Crew training in fire fighting belongs both to preventive as well as active fire protection. In addition to the classic ex tinguishing devices water, powder and CO_2 more and more chemical agents are used in fire fighting systems. After the banning of Halon - because of its high global warming potential - alternative agents with similar characteristics but zero potential of ozon depletion and low global warming potential are available.