Glass-ceramic reactions in some post-medieval crucibles: an instrumental analysis study of archaeological samples

摘要

Data from the examination and chemical analysis of post-medieval crucibles used in the manufacture of several different types of glass is presented. The samples are from archaeological sites and cross-sections were examined using a scanning electron microscope and energy dispersive x-ray spectrometer. The primary focus is the interaction between the glass and the refractory ceramic and this is assessed by x-ray linescans through the ceramic, the interaction zones and the adhering glass. These show some components from the refractory material dissolving up to several millimetres into the adhering glass. Most specimens show a distinct interaction zone (or interlayer) which contains elevated levels of alkalis. The results provide some insights into the working conditions of historic crucibles used in glassmaking. The sampling issues generated by the contamination of the adhering glass are explored and recommendations made.